Difference between revisions of "GNUstep under Ubuntu Linux"

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  Objective-C under Ubuntu Linux
 
  Objective-C under Ubuntu Linux
  
== Compiling Everything from Scratch ==
+
== Compiling Everything from Scratch (Ubuntu 14.04) ==
  
The compilation instructions below are divided into two steps.  
+
The following script installs everything from scratch. It uses clang and libobjc2 for all the new Objective-C 2 features like ARC, Blocks, etc. '''Reference manuals''' for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html
The first step compiles the *base* (non-graphical) parts of GNUStep, including setting up the Objective-C compiler.  
 
The second step compiles the graphical parts of GNUStep.  After installing everything below, you could install EtoileOS: see [[EtoileOS under Ubuntu Linux]].
 
  
If you are using Ubuntu 12.04, your version of CMake and/or g++ may be too old to handle the newer versions of LLVM.  See the bottom of this wiki page for instructions on how to get a newer version of CMake working.
 
  
'''Reference manuals''' for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html
+
Note: If you are using Ubuntu 12.04, your version of CMake and/or g++ may be too old to handle the newer versions of LLVM. See the bottom of this wiki page for instructions on how to get a newer version of CMake working on 12.04.
 +
 
  
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
sudo apt-get install aptitude
+
#!/bin/bash
# Dependencies
+
 
sudo aptitude -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake
+
sudo apt-get update
# Dependencies for GNUStep Base
+
sudo apt-get -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake libffi-dev libxml2-dev libgnutls-dev libicu-dev libblocksruntime-dev libkqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue-dev autoconf libtool   libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libffi-dev libcairo-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxt-dev libXft-dev
sudo aptitude -y install libffi-dev libxml2-dev libgnutls-dev libicu-dev  
 
# Dependencies for libdispatch
 
sudo aptitude -y install libblocksruntime-dev libkqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue-dev autoconf libtool
 
  
 
cd ~
 
cd ~
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cd ~/llvm
 
cd ~/llvm
 +
rm -rf build
 
mkdir build
 
mkdir build
 
cd build
 
cd build
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echo "export CC=clang"  >> ~/.bashrc
 
echo "export CC=clang"  >> ~/.bashrc
 
echo "export CXX=clang++" >> ~/.bashrc
 
echo "export CXX=clang++" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
+
export PATH=$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin
 +
export CC=clang
 +
export CXX=clang++
 +
 
 +
. ~/.bashrc
 
clang -v
 
clang -v
 
clang++ -v
 
clang++ -v
  
 
cd ~/libobjc2
 
cd ~/libobjc2
 +
rm -rf build
 
mkdir build
 
mkdir build
 
cd build
 
cd build
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make && sudo -E make install
 
make && sudo -E make install
 
echo ". /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
 
echo ". /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
+
 
 +
. /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh
  
 
sudo /sbin/ldconfig
 
sudo /sbin/ldconfig
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cd ~/libdispatch
 
cd ~/libdispatch
 +
rm -rf libdispatch-build
 
mkdir libdispatch-build && cd libdispatch-build
 
mkdir libdispatch-build && cd libdispatch-build
 
../configure
 
../configure
Line 68: Line 71:
 
sudo ldconfig
 
sudo ldconfig
  
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
cd ~/core/gui
# TEST COMPILING SOME CODE FROM THE INTERNET
+
./configure
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
make -j8
 +
sudo -E make install
  
You can compile the following code with:
+
cd ~/core/back
 +
./configure
 +
make -j8
 +
sudo -E make install
  
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -fobjc-arc -lobjc  blocktest.m
+
echo "Install is done. Open a new terminal or type source ~/.bashrc"
 
+
</pre>
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base  Fraction.m helloGCD_objc.m
 
  
 +
=== Test Code ===
  
 +
<pre>
  
 
cat > blocktest.m << EOF
 
cat > blocktest.m << EOF
Line 99: Line 107:
  
 
int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) {
 
int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) {
   dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create(NULL, NULL);  
+
   dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create(NULL, NULL);
 
   Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init];
 
   Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init];
  
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EOF
 
EOF
 
 
# ------------------------------------------------------
 
# STEP 2:  INSTALLING GUI AND BACK
 
# (i.e., if you're running Ubuntu Desktop)
 
# ------------------------------------------------------
 
 
sudo aptitude install -y libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libffi-dev
 
sudo aptitude install -y libcairo-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxt-dev
 
sudo aptitude -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake
 
 
cd ~/core/make
 
./configure --enable-debug-by-default --with-layout=gnustep --enable-objc-nonfragile-abi
 
make && sudo -E make install
 
 
cd ~/core/gui
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
cd ~/core/back
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
You can compile the following code with:
 
 
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs`  -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -fobjc-arc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base -lgnustep-gui  guitest.m
 
  
  
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EOF
 
EOF
  
 +
# ======================================================================
 +
# COMPILE USING THE FOLLOWING COMMAND LINES, OR CREATE A MAKEFILE
 +
# ======================================================================
 +
 +
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -fobjc-arc -lobjc  blocktest.m
 +
 +
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base  Fraction.m helloGCD_objc.m
  
 +
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs`  -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -fobjc-arc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base -lgnustep-gui  guitest.m
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
 
  
 
General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-1.7
 
General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-1.7
 
(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk/ (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.7))
 
(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk/ (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.7))
 
Some other notes:
 
 
* We use clang and libobjc2 for all the new features like ARC, Blocks, etc.
 
* Tested on fresh installs of (and likely with a more completed installation of):
 
* Ubuntu 12.10 Server.
 
* Ubuntu 13.10 Desktop.
 
* Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Desktop, see bottom of the page for important info.
 
 
 
  
 
<b>Ubuntu 12.04 Help</b>
 
<b>Ubuntu 12.04 Help</b>

Revision as of 23:02, 31 May 2015

Objective-C under Ubuntu Linux

Compiling Everything from Scratch (Ubuntu 14.04)

The following script installs everything from scratch. It uses clang and libobjc2 for all the new Objective-C 2 features like ARC, Blocks, etc. Reference manuals for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html


Note: If you are using Ubuntu 12.04, your version of CMake and/or g++ may be too old to handle the newer versions of LLVM. See the bottom of this wiki page for instructions on how to get a newer version of CMake working on 12.04.


#!/bin/bash

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake libffi-dev libxml2-dev libgnutls-dev libicu-dev libblocksruntime-dev libkqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue-dev autoconf libtool   libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libffi-dev libcairo-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxt-dev libXft-dev

cd ~
git clone git://github.com/nickhutchinson/libdispatch.git
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/modules/core
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk libobjc2
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm
cd llvm/tools
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang

cd ~/llvm
rm -rf build
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make -j8   # 8=your number of build CPUs

echo "export PATH=\$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export CC=clang"  >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export CXX=clang++" >> ~/.bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin
export CC=clang
export CXX=clang++

. ~/.bashrc
clang -v
clang++ -v

cd ~/libobjc2
rm -rf build
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make -j8
sudo -E make install

cd ~/core/make
./configure --enable-debug-by-default --with-layout=gnustep --enable-objc-nonfragile-abi
make && sudo -E make install
echo ". /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh" >> ~/.bashrc

. /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh

sudo /sbin/ldconfig

cd ~/core/base/
./configure
make -j8
sudo -E make install

cd ~/libdispatch
rm -rf libdispatch-build
mkdir libdispatch-build && cd libdispatch-build
../configure
make
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

cd ~/core/gui
./configure
make -j8
sudo -E make install

cd ~/core/back
./configure
make -j8
sudo -E make install

echo "Install is done. Open a new terminal or type source ~/.bashrc"

Test Code


cat > blocktest.m << EOF
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    void (^hello)(void) = ^(void) {
        printf("Hello, block!\n");
    };
    hello();
    return 0;
}
EOF

cat > helloGCD_objc.m << EOF

#include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
#import <stdio.h>
#import "Fraction.h"

int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) {
   dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create(NULL, NULL);
   Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init];

   [frac setNumerator: 1];
   [frac setDenominator: 3];

   // print it
   dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
     printf( "The fraction is: " );
     [frac print];
     printf( "\n" );
   });
   dispatch_release(queue);

   return 0;
}

EOF

cat > Fraction.h << EOF

#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>

@interface Fraction: NSObject {
   int numerator;
   int denominator;
}

-(void) print;
-(void) setNumerator: (int) n;
-(void) setDenominator: (int) d;
-(int) numerator;
-(int) denominator;
@end

EOF


cat > Fraction.m << EOF
#import "Fraction.h"
#import <stdio.h>

@implementation Fraction
-(void) print {
   printf( "%i/%i", numerator, denominator );
}

-(void) setNumerator: (int) n {
   numerator = n;
}

-(void) setDenominator: (int) d {
   denominator = d;
}

-(int) denominator {
   return denominator;
}

-(int) numerator {
   return numerator;
}
@end

EOF



cat > guitest.m << EOF
#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>

int main()
{
  NSApplication *app;  // Without these 2 lines, seg fault may occur
  app = [NSApplication sharedApplication];

  NSAlert * alert = [[NSAlert alloc] init];
  [alert setMessageText:@"Hello alert"];
  [alert addButtonWithTitle:@"All done"];
  int result = [alert runModal];
  if (result == NSAlertFirstButtonReturn) {
    NSLog(@"First button pressed");
  }
}
EOF

# ======================================================================
# COMPILE USING THE FOLLOWING COMMAND LINES, OR CREATE A MAKEFILE
# ======================================================================

clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -fobjc-arc -lobjc  blocktest.m

clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base  Fraction.m helloGCD_objc.m

clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs`  -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -fobjc-arc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base -lgnustep-gui  guitest.m

General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-1.7 (The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk/ (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.7))

Ubuntu 12.04 Help

On Ubuntu 12.04, the default installed version of CMake is 2.8.7 but you need 2.8.8 or later to compile LLVM. And the default installed version of GCC and G++ is 4.6 but you need 4.8 or later to compile LLVM.

For CMake, the solution is to download and compile CMake yourself. Use the existing CMake 2.8.7 and then replace it:

  1. Download the latest CMake version from the CMake web site (http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html), and uncompress it in a folder.
  2. Create a _build directory in the CMake sources folder.
  3. From the _build directory, run the following commands to build and install CMake from sources:
cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
make
cpack -G DEB
sudo apt-get remove cmake cmake-data
sudo dpkg -i cmake*.deb

To get GCC and G++ 4.8, do the following:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 50
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8 50

You should be good to go.