Difference between revisions of "GNUstep under Ubuntu Linux"

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Objective-C under Ubuntu Linux
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Usually it is a good a idea to just use the package manager of your distribution to get a stable and well integrated GNUstep environment:
  
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== Compiling Everything from Scratch (Ubuntu 14.04) ==
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sudo apt-get install gnustep gnustep-devel
  
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The following script installs everything from scratch.  It uses clang and libobjc2 for all the new Objective-C 2 features like ARC, Blocks, etc.  '''Reference manuals''' for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html
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If you want to develop new apps and try the newest features consider the approach described below.
  
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These instructions were tested on a fresh installation of Ubuntu 14.04 on May 31, 2015.
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== Compiling Everything from Scratch  ==
  
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Note: If you are using Ubuntu 12.04, your version of CMake and/or g++ may be too old to handle the newer versions of LLVM.  See the bottom of this wiki page for instructions on how to get a newer version of CMake working on 12.04.
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The following repo contains scripts that  compile and install everything needed for GNUstep Objective-C 2.0.  The script uses clang and libobjc2 for all the awesome new features like ARC, blocks/Grand Central Dispatch, etc.
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<pre>
 
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#!/bin/bash
 
  
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sudo apt-get update
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For example, to build GNUstep under Ubuntu 19.04, do:
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sudo apt-get -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake libffi-dev libxml2-dev libgnutls-dev libicu-dev libblocksruntime-dev libkqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue-dev autoconf libtool  libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libffi-dev libcairo-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxt-dev libXft-dev
 
  
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cd ~
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git clone https://github.com/plaurent/gnustep-build
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git clone git://github.com/nickhutchinson/libdispatch.git
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cd gnustep-build/ubuntu-19.04-clang-8.0-runtime-2.0/
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svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/modules/core
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./GNUstep-buildon-ubuntu1904.sh
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svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk libobjc2
 
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svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm
 
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cd llvm/tools
 
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svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang
 
  
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cd ~/llvm
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The demo.sh and demo-gui.sh scripts show example code and compilation examples (using command line as well as the recommended GNUmakefile approach.)
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rm -rf build
 
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mkdir build
 
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cd build
 
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cmake ..
 
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make -j8  # 8=your number of build CPUs
 
  
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echo "export PATH=\$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin" >> ~/.bashrc
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Reference manuals for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html
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echo "export CC=clang"  >> ~/.bashrc
 
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echo "export CXX=clang++" >> ~/.bashrc
 
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export PATH=$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin
 
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export CC=clang
 
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export CXX=clang++
 
  
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. ~/.bashrc
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General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-2.0
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clang -v
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(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in https://github.com/gnustep/libobjc2 (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.8.1))
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clang++ -v
 
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cd ~/libobjc2
 
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rm -rf build
 
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mkdir build
 
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cd build
 
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cmake ..
 
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make -j8
 
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sudo -E make install
 
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cd ~/core/make
 
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./configure --enable-debug-by-default --with-layout=gnustep --enable-objc-nonfragile-abi
 
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make && sudo -E make install
 
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echo ". /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
 
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. /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh
 
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sudo /sbin/ldconfig
 
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cd ~/core/base/
 
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./configure
 
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make -j8
 
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sudo -E make install
 
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cd ~/libdispatch
 
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rm -rf libdispatch-build
 
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mkdir libdispatch-build && cd libdispatch-build
 
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../configure
 
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make
 
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sudo make install
 
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sudo ldconfig
 
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cd ~/core/gui
 
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./configure
 
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make -j8
 
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sudo -E make install
 
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cd ~/core/back
 
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./configure
 
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make -j8
 
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sudo -E make install
 
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echo "Install is done. Open a new terminal or type source ~/.bashrc"
 
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</pre>
 
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=== Test Code ===
 
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<pre>
 
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cat > blocktest.m << EOF
 
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#include <stdio.h>
 
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int main() {
 
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    void (^hello)(void) = ^(void) {
 
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        printf("Hello, block!\n");
 
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    };
 
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    hello();
 
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    return 0;
 
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}
 
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EOF
 
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cat > helloGCD_objc.m << EOF
 
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#include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
 
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#import <stdio.h>
 
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#import "Fraction.h"
 
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int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) {
 
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  dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create(NULL, NULL);
 
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  Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init];
 
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  [frac setNumerator: 1];
 
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  [frac setDenominator: 3];
 
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  // print it
 
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  dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
 
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    printf( "The fraction is: " );
 
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    [frac print];
 
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    printf( "\n" );
 
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  });
 
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  dispatch_release(queue);
 
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  return 0;
 
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}
 
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EOF
 
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cat > Fraction.h << EOF
 
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#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>
 
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@interface Fraction: NSObject {
 
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  int numerator;
 
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  int denominator;
 
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}
 
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-(void) print;
 
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-(void) setNumerator: (int) n;
 
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-(void) setDenominator: (int) d;
 
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-(int) numerator;
 
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-(int) denominator;
 
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@end
 
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EOF
 
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cat > Fraction.m << EOF
 
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#import "Fraction.h"
 
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#import <stdio.h>
 
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@implementation Fraction
 
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-(void) print {
 
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  printf( "%i/%i", numerator, denominator );
 
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}
 
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-(void) setNumerator: (int) n {
 
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  numerator = n;
 
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}
 
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-(void) setDenominator: (int) d {
 
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  denominator = d;
 
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}
 
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-(int) denominator {
 
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  return denominator;
 
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}
 
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-(int) numerator {
 
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  return numerator;
 
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}
 
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@end
 
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EOF
 
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cat > guitest.m << EOF
 
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#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>
 
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int main()
 
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{
 
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  NSApplication *app;  // Without these 2 lines, seg fault may occur
 
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  app = [NSApplication sharedApplication];
 
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  NSAlert * alert = [[NSAlert alloc] init];
 
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  [alert setMessageText:@"Hello alert"];
 
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  [alert addButtonWithTitle:@"All done"];
 
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  int result = [alert runModal];
 
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  if (result == NSAlertFirstButtonReturn) {
 
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    NSLog(@"First button pressed");
 
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  }
 
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}
 
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EOF
 
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# ======================================================================
 
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# COMPILE USING THE FOLLOWING COMMAND LINES, OR CREATE A MAKEFILE
 
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# ======================================================================
 
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clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -fobjc-arc -lobjc  blocktest.m
 
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clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base  Fraction.m helloGCD_objc.m
 
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clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs`  -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -fobjc-arc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base -lgnustep-gui  guitest.m
 
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</pre>
 
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General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-1.7
 
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(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk/ (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.7))
 
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<b>Ubuntu 12.04 Help</b>
 
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On Ubuntu 12.04, the default installed version of CMake is 2.8.7 but you need 2.8.8 or later to compile LLVM.  And the default installed version of GCC and G++ is 4.6 but you need 4.8 or later to compile LLVM.
 
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For CMake, the solution is to download and compile CMake yourself.  Use the existing CMake 2.8.7 and then replace it:
 
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# Download the latest CMake version from the CMake web site (http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html), and uncompress it in a folder.
 
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# Create a _build directory in the CMake sources folder.
 
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# From the _build directory, run the following commands to build and install CMake from sources:
 
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<pre>
 
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cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
 
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make
 
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cpack -G DEB
 
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sudo apt-get remove cmake cmake-data
 
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sudo dpkg -i cmake*.deb
 
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</pre>
 
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To get GCC and G++ 4.8, do the following:
 
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<pre>
 
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sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
 
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sudo apt-get update
 
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sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8
 
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sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 50
 
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sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8 50
 
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</pre>
 
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You should be good to go.
 

Revision as of 20:20, 15 May 2019

Usually it is a good a idea to just use the package manager of your distribution to get a stable and well integrated GNUstep environment: 

sudo apt-get install gnustep gnustep-devel

If you want to develop new apps and try the newest features consider the approach described below.

Compiling Everything from Scratch

The following repo contains scripts that compile and install everything needed for GNUstep Objective-C 2.0. The script uses clang and libobjc2 for all the awesome new features like ARC, blocks/Grand Central Dispatch, etc.

For example, to build GNUstep under Ubuntu 19.04, do: 

git clone https://github.com/plaurent/gnustep-build
cd gnustep-build/ubuntu-19.04-clang-8.0-runtime-2.0/
./GNUstep-buildon-ubuntu1904.sh

The demo.sh and demo-gui.sh scripts show example code and compilation examples (using command line as well as the recommended GNUmakefile approach.)

Reference manuals for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html

General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-2.0 (The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in https://github.com/gnustep/libobjc2 (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.8.1))

Retrieved from "https://mediawiki.gnustep.org/index.php?title=GNUstep_under_Ubuntu_Linux&oldid=7082"