Difference between revisions of "GNUstep under Ubuntu Linux"

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Objective C 2.0 on a fresh install of Ubuntu
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Usually it is a good a idea to just use the package manager of your distribution to get a stable and well integrated GNUstep environment:
  
* Works on Ubuntu 12.10 Server
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sudo apt-get install gnustep gnustep-devel
* Works on Ubuntu 13.10 Desktop
 
* (for Ubuntu 12.04 Desktop see bottom of the page for help)
 
* Uses llvm/clang source to ensure all the latest features are available
 
* Includes GUI at the end
 
* General Note: When compiling, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-1.7
 
(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk/ (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.7))
 
  
<pre>
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If you want to develop new apps and try the newest features consider the approach described below.
# Objective C 2.0 on a fresh install of Ubuntu 12.10 Server
 
  
sudo apt-get install aptitude
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= Compiling Everything from Scratch  =
# Dependencies
 
sudo aptitude -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake
 
# Dependencies for GNUStep Base
 
sudo aptitude -y install libffi-dev libxml2-dev libgnutls-dev libicu-dev
 
# Dependencies for libdispatch
 
sudo aptitude -y install libblocksruntime-dev libkqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue-dev autoconf libtool
 
  
cd ~
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The following repo contains scripts that  compile and install everything needed for GNUstep Objective-C 2.0. The script uses clang and libobjc2 for all the awesome new features like ARC, blocks/Grand Central Dispatch, etc.
git clone git://github.com/nickhutchinson/libdispatch.git
 
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/modules/core
 
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk libobjc2
 
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm
 
cd llvm/tools
 
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang
 
  
cd ~/llvm
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For example, to build GNUstep under Ubuntu 19.04, do:
mkdir build
 
cd build
 
cmake ..
 
make -j8  # 8=your number of build CPUs
 
  
echo "export PATH=\$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin" >> ~/.bashrc
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git clone https://github.com/plaurent/gnustep-build
echo "export CC=clang" >> ~/.bashrc
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  cd gnustep-build/ubuntu-19.04-clang-8.0-runtime-2.0/
echo "export CXX=clang++" >> ~/.bashrc
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./GNUstep-buildon-ubuntu1904.sh
source ~/.bashrc
 
clang -v
 
clang++ -v
 
  
cd ~/libobjc2
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The demo.sh and demo-gui.sh scripts show example code and compilation examples (using command line as well as the recommended GNUmakefile approach.)
mkdir build
 
cd build
 
cmake ..
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
  
cd ~/core/make
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Reference manuals for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html
./configure --enable-debug-by-default --with-layout=gnustep --enable-objc-nonfragile-abi
 
make && sudo -E make install
 
echo ". /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
 
source ~/.bashrc
 
  
sudo /sbin/ldconfig
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General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-2.0
 
+
(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in https://github.com/gnustep/libobjc2 (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.8.1))
cd ~/core/base/
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
 
cd ~/libdispatch
 
sh autogen.sh
 
./configure CFLAGS="-I/usr/include/kqueue" LDFLAGS="-lkqueue -lpthread_workqueue -pthread -lm"
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
sudo ldconfig
 
 
 
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
# TEST COMPILING SOME CODE FROM THE INTERNET
 
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 
You can compile the following code with:
 
 
 
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -fobjc-arc -lobjc  blocktest.m
 
 
 
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base  Fraction.m helloGCD_objc.m
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
cat > blocktest.m << EOF
 
#include <stdio.h>
 
 
 
int main() {
 
    void (^hello)(void) = ^(void) {
 
        printf("Hello, block!\n");
 
    };
 
    hello();
 
    return 0;
 
}
 
EOF
 
 
 
cat > helloGCD_objc.m << EOF
 
 
 
#include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
 
#import <stdio.h>
 
#import "Fraction.h"
 
 
 
int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) {
 
  dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create(NULL, NULL);
 
  Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init];
 
 
 
  [frac setNumerator: 1];
 
  [frac setDenominator: 3];
 
 
 
  // print it
 
  dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
 
    printf( "The fraction is: " );
 
    [frac print];
 
    printf( "\n" );
 
  });
 
  dispatch_release(queue);
 
 
 
  return 0;
 
}
 
 
 
EOF
 
 
 
cat > Fraction.h << EOF
 
 
 
#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>
 
 
 
@interface Fraction: NSObject {
 
  int numerator;
 
  int denominator;
 
}
 
 
 
-(void) print;
 
-(void) setNumerator: (int) n;
 
-(void) setDenominator: (int) d;
 
-(int) numerator;
 
-(int) denominator;
 
@end
 
 
 
EOF
 
 
 
 
 
cat > Fraction.m << EOF
 
#import "Fraction.h"
 
#import <stdio.h>
 
 
 
@implementation Fraction
 
-(void) print {
 
  printf( "%i/%i", numerator, denominator );
 
}
 
 
 
-(void) setNumerator: (int) n {
 
  numerator = n;
 
}
 
 
 
-(void) setDenominator: (int) d {
 
  denominator = d;
 
}
 
 
 
-(int) denominator {
 
  return denominator;
 
}
 
 
 
-(int) numerator {
 
  return numerator;
 
}
 
@end
 
 
 
EOF
 
 
 
 
 
# ------------------------------------------------------
 
# ADDITIONAL OPTIONAL STEPS FOR INSTALLING GUI AND BACK
 
# (i.e., if you're running Ubuntu Desktop)
 
# ------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 
sudo aptitude install -y libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev
 
sudo aptitude install -y libcairo-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxt-dev
 
 
 
cd ~/core/gui
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
 
cd ~/core/back
 
./configure
 
make -j8
 
sudo -E make install
 
 
 
You can compile the following code with:
 
 
 
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs`  -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -fobjc-arc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base -lgnustep-gui  guitest.m
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
cat > guitest.m << EOF
 
#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>
 
 
 
int main()
 
{
 
NSApplication *app;  // Without these 2 lines, seg fault may occur
 
app = [NSApplication sharedApplication];
 
 
 
NSAlert * alert = [[NSAlert alloc] init];
 
[alert setMessageText:@"Hello alert"];
 
[alert addButtonWithTitle:@"All done"];
 
[alert runModal];
 
}
 
EOF
 
 
 
 
 
</pre>
 
 
 
Ubuntu 12.04 Help
 
 
 
In Ubuntu 12.04 Desktop, I found that running make -j8 in llvm failed with a "syntax error in VERSION script" error. 
 
 
 
I was able to overcome it by doing the following steps <b>after getting the error</b>:
 
 
 
<pre>
 
# After make -j8 returned a syntax error in VERSION script error
 
cd ~/llvm/build
 
make clean
 
cd ~/llvm/build/tools/lto
 
make -j8
 
cd ~/llvm/build
 
make -j8
 
</pre>
 

Latest revision as of 21:05, 17 April 2022

Usually it is a good a idea to just use the package manager of your distribution to get a stable and well integrated GNUstep environment:

sudo apt-get install gnustep gnustep-devel

If you want to develop new apps and try the newest features consider the approach described below.

Compiling Everything from Scratch

The following repo contains scripts that compile and install everything needed for GNUstep Objective-C 2.0. The script uses clang and libobjc2 for all the awesome new features like ARC, blocks/Grand Central Dispatch, etc.

For example, to build GNUstep under Ubuntu 19.04, do:

git clone https://github.com/plaurent/gnustep-build
cd gnustep-build/ubuntu-19.04-clang-8.0-runtime-2.0/
./GNUstep-buildon-ubuntu1904.sh

The demo.sh and demo-gui.sh scripts show example code and compilation examples (using command line as well as the recommended GNUmakefile approach.)

Reference manuals for GNUStep, including available APIs, etc, are available at http://www.gnustep.org/developers/documentation.html

General Note: When compiling your own code, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-2.0 (The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in https://github.com/gnustep/libobjc2 (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.8.1))