GNUstep under Ubuntu Linux
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Objective-C under Ubuntu Linux
Compiling manually
- Uses clang and libobjc2 for all the new features like ARC, Blocks, etc.
- Works with a fresh install and likely with a more completed installation.
- Works on Ubuntu 12.10 Server.
- Works on Ubuntu 13.10 Desktop.
- For Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Desktop, see bottom of the page for important info.
After this, you can try to install EtoileOS: see EtoileOS under Ubuntu Linux.
sudo apt-get install aptitude
# Dependencies
sudo aptitude -y install build-essential git subversion ninja cmake
# Dependencies for GNUStep Base
sudo aptitude -y install libffi-dev libxml2-dev libgnutls-dev libicu-dev
# Dependencies for libdispatch
sudo aptitude -y install libblocksruntime-dev libkqueue-dev libpthread-workqueue-dev autoconf libtool
cd ~
git clone git://github.com/nickhutchinson/libdispatch.git
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/modules/core
svn co http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk libobjc2
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm
cd llvm/tools
svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang
cd ~/llvm
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make -j8 # 8=your number of build CPUs
echo "export PATH=\$PATH:~/llvm/build/bin" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export CC=clang" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export CXX=clang++" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
clang -v
clang++ -v
cd ~/libobjc2
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make -j8
sudo -E make install
cd ~/core/make
./configure --enable-debug-by-default --with-layout=gnustep --enable-objc-nonfragile-abi
make && sudo -E make install
echo ". /usr/GNUstep/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
sudo /sbin/ldconfig
cd ~/core/base/
./configure
make -j8
sudo -E make install
cd ~/libdispatch
sh autogen.sh
./configure CFLAGS="-I/usr/include/kqueue" LDFLAGS="-lkqueue -lpthread_workqueue -pthread -lm"
make -j8
sudo -E make install
sudo ldconfig
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# TEST COMPILING SOME CODE FROM THE INTERNET
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can compile the following code with:
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -fobjc-arc -lobjc blocktest.m
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base Fraction.m helloGCD_objc.m
cat > blocktest.m << EOF
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
void (^hello)(void) = ^(void) {
printf("Hello, block!\n");
};
hello();
return 0;
}
EOF
cat > helloGCD_objc.m << EOF
#include <dispatch/dispatch.h>
#import <stdio.h>
#import "Fraction.h"
int main( int argc, const char *argv[] ) {
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create(NULL, NULL);
Fraction *frac = [[Fraction alloc] init];
[frac setNumerator: 1];
[frac setDenominator: 3];
// print it
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
printf( "The fraction is: " );
[frac print];
printf( "\n" );
});
dispatch_release(queue);
return 0;
}
EOF
cat > Fraction.h << EOF
#import <Foundation/NSObject.h>
@interface Fraction: NSObject {
int numerator;
int denominator;
}
-(void) print;
-(void) setNumerator: (int) n;
-(void) setDenominator: (int) d;
-(int) numerator;
-(int) denominator;
@end
EOF
cat > Fraction.m << EOF
#import "Fraction.h"
#import <stdio.h>
@implementation Fraction
-(void) print {
printf( "%i/%i", numerator, denominator );
}
-(void) setNumerator: (int) n {
numerator = n;
}
-(void) setDenominator: (int) d {
denominator = d;
}
-(int) denominator {
return denominator;
}
-(int) numerator {
return numerator;
}
@end
EOF
# ------------------------------------------------------
# ADDITIONAL OPTIONAL STEPS FOR INSTALLING GUI AND BACK
# (i.e., if you're running Ubuntu Desktop)
# ------------------------------------------------------
sudo aptitude install -y libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libffi-dev
sudo aptitude install -y libcairo-dev libx11-dev:i386 libxt-dev
cd ~/core/gui
./configure
make -j8
sudo -E make install
cd ~/core/back
./configure
make -j8
sudo -E make install
You can compile the following code with:
clang `gnustep-config --objc-flags` `gnustep-config --objc-libs` -fobjc-runtime=gnustep -fblocks -lobjc -fobjc-arc -ldispatch -lgnustep-base -lgnustep-gui guitest.m
cat > guitest.m << EOF
#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>
int main()
{
NSApplication *app; // Without these 2 lines, seg fault may occur
app = [NSApplication sharedApplication];
NSAlert * alert = [[NSAlert alloc] init];
[alert setMessageText:@"Hello alert"];
[alert addButtonWithTitle:@"All done"];
[alert runModal];
}
EOF
- General Note: When compiling, it is generally good to tell clang both the family and version of the runtime: -fobjc-runtime=gnustep-1.7
(The current version number can be had by looking at the latest ANNOUNCE filename in http://svn.gna.org/svn/gnustep/libs/libobjc2/trunk/ (e.g., ANNOUNCE.1.7))
Ubuntu 12.04 Help
On Ubuntu 12.04, the default installed version of CMake is 2.8.7 but you need 2.8.8 or later to compile LLVM. And the default installed version of GCC and G++ is 4.6 but you need 4.8 or later to compile LLVM.
For CMake, the solution is to download and compile CMake yourself. Use the existing CMake 2.8.7 and then replace it:
- Download the latest CMake version from the CMake web site (http://www.cmake.org/cmake/resources/software.html), and uncompress it in a folder.
- Create a _build directory in the CMake sources folder.
- From the _build directory, run the following commands to build and install CMake from sources:
cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr make cpack -G DEB sudo apt-get remove cmake cmake-data sudo dpkg -i cmake*.deb
To get GCC and G++ 4.8, do the following:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8 sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 50 sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8 50
You should be good to go.